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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
08:49

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model

Published on: May 18, 2018

Managing malignant melanoma.

William W Dzwierzynski1

  • 1Milwaukee, Wis. From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|August 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Melanoma incidence is rising globally. Early detection via excisional biopsy and Breslow depth assessment, followed by surgical excision and sentinel lymph node biopsy, are crucial for managing this aggressive skin cancer.

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Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells
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Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells

Published on: June 7, 2019

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
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Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells
06:09

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells

Published on: June 7, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Melanoma incidence is increasing worldwide, representing a significant cause of skin cancer mortality.
  • Melanoma is the fifth most common cancer diagnosis in the United States.
  • It accounts for 3% of all skin cancers but 65% of skin cancer deaths.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the current diagnostic and treatment standards for melanoma.
  • To emphasize the importance of pathological assessment in surgical planning.
  • To highlight the role of sentinel lymph node biopsy in staging and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Excisional biopsy for suspicious lesions.
  • Pathological analysis, focusing on Breslow depth.
  • Sentinel lymph node biopsy for metastasis detection.
  • Complete lymph node dissection for positive sentinel nodes.
  • Surgical excision of the primary melanoma.

Main Results:

  • Breslow depth is the most critical information from the pathologist's report for surgical treatment.
  • Sentinel lymph node biopsy is the standard for identifying regional metastasis.
  • Complete lymph node dissection is indicated for positive sentinel nodes.

Conclusions:

  • Surgery, including wide excision and lymph node dissection, is the primary treatment for melanoma.
  • Advances in chemotherapy may improve survival for patients with metastatic melanoma.