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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
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The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Construction of Cyclic Cell-Penetrating Peptides for Enhanced Penetration of Biological Barriers
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Construction of Cyclic Cell-Penetrating Peptides for Enhanced Penetration of Biological Barriers

Published on: September 19, 2022

Tumor-penetrating peptides.

Tambet Teesalu1, Kazuki N Sugahara, Erkki Ruoslahti

  • 1Cancer Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute , La Jolla, CA , USA ; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Centre of Excellence for Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia.

Frontiers in Oncology
|August 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tumor-homing peptides, like iRGD, enhance drug delivery by penetrating deep into tumors. This C-end Rule (CendR) technology improves drug accumulation and overcomes poor drug penetration in cancer therapy.

Keywords:
C-end Rulehoming peptideneuropilin-1synaphic targetingtumor-penetrating peptideαv integrins

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Initial Evaluation of Antibody-conjugates Modified with Viral-derived Peptides for Increasing Cellular Accumulation and Improving Tumor Targeting

Published on: March 8, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Tumor-homing peptides facilitate targeted drug delivery into neoplastic tissues.
  • Integrins, such as αv integrins, are selectively expressed on tumor cells and vasculature.
  • Poor drug penetration into solid tumors limits therapeutic efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate tumor-homing and tumor-penetrating peptides for enhanced drug delivery.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of C-end Rule (CendR) mediated tumor penetration.
  • To explore the potential of CendR technology in cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Phage library screening in live mice to identify homing peptides.
  • Characterization of peptide motifs, including RGD and CendR.
  • In vitro and ex vivo studies using human tumor tissues.

Main Results:

  • Identified peptides that specifically target tumor vasculature, extravasate, and penetrate deep into tumors.
  • Demonstrated that the CendR motif, activated by proteolytic processing, mediates tumor penetration via neuropilin-1.
  • Showcased that targeting peptides increase accumulation of various drugs and contrast agents in tumors.
  • Confirmed peptide efficacy in penetrating human tumors ex vivo.

Conclusions:

  • CendR technology offers a novel strategy to overcome poor drug penetration in tumors.
  • Tumor-penetrating peptides can be engineered for targeted delivery of therapeutics.
  • This approach enhances drug accumulation in tumors, improving therapeutic potential.
  • The CendR pathway can be exploited for targeting both tumors and normal tissues.