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Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous capillaries...
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...
Nephrons01:10

Nephrons

The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma happens...
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Physiology of the Genitourinary System I: Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration01:29

Physiology of the Genitourinary System I: Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration

The kidneys are vital organs responsible for regulating blood filtration, waste excretion, and fluid balance, all of which are crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Renal physiology examines renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, and urine formation, ensuring the body’s internal environment remains stable.Renal Blood FlowThe kidneys receive about 20-25% of the cardiac output, typically around 1200 mL of blood per minute in an average adult. Blood flows into the kidneys through the renal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Glomerular Outgrowth as an Ex Vivo Assay to Analyze Pathways Involved in Parietal Epithelial Cell Activation
06:39

Glomerular Outgrowth as an Ex Vivo Assay to Analyze Pathways Involved in Parietal Epithelial Cell Activation

Published on: August 19, 2020

Glomerular diseases: FSGS.

Bhadran Bose1, Daniel Cattran,

  • 1Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN
|August 31, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a kidney lesion, not a disease. This review explores its causes, genetic basis, and obesity links, suggesting a management algorithm.

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Glomerular Outgrowth as an Ex Vivo Assay to Analyze Pathways Involved in Parietal Epithelial Cell Activation
06:39

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Published on: August 19, 2020

An Efficient Sieving Method to Isolate Intact Glomeruli from Adult Rat Kidney
10:14

An Efficient Sieving Method to Isolate Intact Glomeruli from Adult Rat Kidney

Published on: November 1, 2018

Assessment of Kidney Function in Mouse Models of Glomerular Disease
09:16

Assessment of Kidney Function in Mouse Models of Glomerular Disease

Published on: June 30, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pathology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is recognized as a kidney lesion, not a distinct disease entity.
  • Distinguishing between primary FSGS (immunologic injury) and secondary FSGS (diverse causes) presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
  • The clinical implications of FSGS classification remain complex, impacting treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on biomarker discovery and genetic underpinnings of FSGS.
  • To discuss the complex relationship between obesity and the FSGS lesion.
  • To propose a practical algorithmic approach for managing FSGS, integrating recent findings.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on recent advancements in FSGS research.
  • Analysis of biomarker discovery and genetic studies related to FSGS.
  • Examination of the role of obesity in FSGS pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Recent literature highlights progress in identifying biomarkers and understanding the genetic basis of FSGS.
  • Obesity presents significant challenges and complexities in the context of the FSGS lesion.
  • Current therapeutic implications stemming from FSGS classification are often unclear.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of FSGS requires integrating genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors.
  • Obesity is a critical consideration in the management of FSGS.
  • An algorithmic approach is proposed to guide the treatment of the FSGS lesion, addressing current controversies.