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Related Concept Videos

Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs01:02

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs

Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...

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Related Experiment Videos

Why US children use dietary supplements.

Regan L Bailey1, Jaime J Gahche2, Paul R Thomas1

  • 1Office of Dietary Supplements, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

Pediatric Research
|September 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Most children use dietary supplements for general health, but these uses lack scientific backing and are rarely recommended by doctors. This highlights a gap in evidence-based pediatric nutrition guidance.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Dietary supplements are widely used by children, with approximately one-third of this population consuming them.
  • Motivations for supplement use, product types, and the influence of healthcare providers are key areas of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the primary motivations behind children's dietary supplement consumption.
  • To identify the types of supplements commonly used by children and correlate them with stated motivations.
  • To assess the extent to which healthcare providers influence decisions regarding children's supplement use.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2007-2010.
  • Inclusion of a large cohort of children aged 0-19 years (n=8,245).
  • Examination of self-reported reasons for supplement use and demographic factors.

Main Results:

  • 31% of children reported using dietary supplements.
  • Top motivations include "improve overall health" (41%), "maintain health" (37%), and "supplementing the diet" (23%).
  • Multivitamin-mineral products are most common (~90%); only 15% of supplement use was physician-recommended.

Conclusions:

  • The majority of children's supplement use is not guided by healthcare professionals.
  • Common reasons for use focus on health promotion, despite limited scientific evidence supporting benefits in well-nourished children.
  • There is a need for evidence-based guidance on pediatric supplement use.