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Inguinal Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue (ISWAT) Transplantation Model of Murine Islets
10:14

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Published on: February 16, 2020

Mouse and human islets survive and function after coating by biosilicification.

David B Jaroch1, Jing Lu, Rajtarun Madangopal

  • 1Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana;

American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
|September 5, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel bioencapsulation method using inorganic silica shells to protect pancreatic islets for type 1 diabetes transplantation. This technique enhances islet survival and function, offering a promising approach for cell-based therapies.

Keywords:
coatingencapsulationisletsilicatissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Transplantation Biology

Background:

  • Inorganic materials offer unique properties for bioencapsulation in cell transplantation.
  • Current challenges in islet transplantation include immune rejection and loss of function.
  • Developing immunoprotective strategies is crucial for successful cell-based therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a hybrid inorganic/soft tissue construct by inducing pancreatic islets to grow an inorganic silica shell.
  • To evaluate the potential of silica-coated islets for immunoprotection in transplantation therapies for type 1 diabetes.
  • To assess the viability and function of engineered islets post-encapsulation.

Main Methods:

  • Pancreatic islets (mouse and human) were exposed to silicic acid to form a porous silica shell on their surface.
  • Morphology and elemental composition were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
  • Biocompatibility, islet survival, function, and efficacy in vivo were assessed through various assays including cytokine analysis, gene expression, and syngeneic transplantation into diabetic mice.

Main Results:

  • A method was developed to create pancreatic islets surrounded by a porous silica shell, templated by the islet capsule.
  • The silica coating was confirmed via electron microscopy and elemental analysis.
  • The coated islets demonstrated good biocompatibility, maintained survival and function (glucose-stimulated insulin release, oxygen flux), and showed efficacy in syngeneic transplants into diabetic mice.

Conclusions:

  • A novel hybrid inorganic/soft tissue construct was successfully engineered using silica bioencapsulation of pancreatic islets.
  • This method shows significant potential for the immunoprotection of islets in transplantation therapies for type 1 diabetes.
  • The findings support the advancement of silica-coated islets as a viable strategy for cell-based diabetes treatment.