Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 8, 2026
A Reliable Porcine Fascio-Cutaneous Flap Model for Vascularized Composite Allografts Bioengineering Studies
Published on: March 31, 2022
Vulvar reconstruction using the "lotus petal" fascio-cutaneous flap
Peter A Argenta1, Rhona Lindsay, R Benjamin Aldridge
1Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
Introduction:
Vulvar reconstruction using the "lotus petal" fascio-cutaneous flap offers a relatively novel means to restore symmetry and functionality after extirpative gynecologic or oncologic procedures. We sought to assess the success rates and morbidity in a large series of consecutively treated patients.
Methods:
We performed a retrospective review of 59 consecutive cases of lotus petal flaps performed at a single institution to more accurately assess success and complication rates.
Results:
We identified 80 flaps performed among the 59 patients between September 1, 2008 and March 30, 2013. The median (range) age was 59 years (24-89) and the median (range) BMI was 27 kg/m(2) (19-34). The indications for vulvar/perineal excision were as follows: 39 (66.1%) vulvar carcinoma or melanoma, 12 (20.3%) vulvar dysplasia, 5 (8.5%) colorectal disease and 3 (5.1%) cases of hidradenitis suppurativa. The mean defect area, determined by post-fixation pathology specimen was 29 cm(2). Medical or surgical complications occurred in 36% of patients of which superficial wound separation was the most common (15%). There were no cases of complete flap loss, but partial loss occurred in 7 (8.8%) cases. 3 (5.1%) patients required re-operation prior to discharge with one case requiring skin grafting. Delayed surgical revision was required in 4 patients for partial flap loss (2) or stricture/stenosis (2).
Conclusion:
The lotus petal flap is safe for use in gynecologic reconstruction, with acceptable short- and long-term complication rates. Previous reports of smaller series likely underestimate the risk of complications through case selection.
