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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
Local Anesthetics: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:30

Local Anesthetics: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

Local anesthetics (LAs) are drugs that induce a temporary loss of sensation in a limited body area, preventing pain. Cocaine was the first local anesthetic discovered in the late 19th century. Cocaine is a benzoic acid ester obtained from the leaves of coca shrubs and was often used for its psychotropic effects. Cocaine was first isolated in 1860 by Albert Niemann. Sigmund Freud studied the physiological actions of cocaine. Carl Koller later introduced it into clinical practice in 1884 as a...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics01:13

Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics

The potency and duration of action of local anesthetics (LAs) are determined by their pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics describes how LAs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. When administered to the vascular tissues, LAs are quickly absorbed and enter the systemic circulation, reducing their localized effects. Adding vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine to LAs reduces their absorption into the systemic circulation, making them clinically effective. The...

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Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
04:12

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma

Published on: January 19, 2024

Topical anesthetics for cosmetic dermatologic procedures.

A Carbone1, D Marciani, P Piemonte

  • 1Istituto San Gallicano, UOSD Prevenzione e Promozione della Salute in DermatologiaIFO, Rome, Italy - annacarbone.derma@gmail.com.

Giornale Italiano Di Dermatologia E Venereologia : Organo Ufficiale, Societa Italiana Di Dermatologia E Sifilografia
|September 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

4% liposomal lidocaine showed minimal vasoconstriction and faster anesthetic effect compared to 2.5% lidocaine/2.5% prilocaine. This makes it ideal for cosmetic procedures requiring clear lesion visibility.

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Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain
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Published on: May 10, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Cosmetic Procedures
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Topical anesthetics are crucial for pain management in dermatologic procedures.
  • Vasoconstriction can obscure target lesions, complicating cosmetic treatments.
  • Evaluating anesthetic properties is key for procedural efficiency and patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the vasoconstrictor effects of 4% liposomal lidocaine and a 2.5% lidocaine/2.5% prilocaine mixture.
  • To assess the onset of anesthetic action for both topical anesthetics.
  • To determine the suitability of these anesthetics for cosmetic dermatologic procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Ten healthy volunteers with facial telangiectasias were enrolled.
  • Participants received either 4% liposomal lidocaine or 2.5% lidocaine/2.5% prilocaine.
  • Application times were at least 30 minutes for liposomal lidocaine and 60 minutes for the mixture.

Main Results:

  • 4% liposomal lidocaine demonstrated minimal vasoconstriction compared to a significant effect with the lidocaine/prilocaine mixture.
  • Anesthetic effect was achieved in 30 minutes with liposomal lidocaine, versus 60 minutes for the other cream.
  • Liposomal lidocaine provided better visualization of vascular lesions.

Conclusions:

  • 4% liposomal lidocaine exhibits a lesser vasoconstrictor effect, enhancing lesion visibility during cosmetic procedures.
  • The faster onset of action (30 minutes) makes 4% liposomal lidocaine more practical.
  • 4% liposomal lidocaine is a preferred anesthetic for cosmetic dermatologic procedures and emergency use.