[Allelic imbalance in patients with non-small cell lung cancer]

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprises 80% of all lung cancers and is characterized by multiple genetic alterations such as loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability (MSI). The aim of the study was to analyze of molecular-genetic alterations in tumor and tissue surrounding the tumor to determine genetic features of different histological types of NSCLC and its possible associations with clinicopathological parameters of patients. A microsatellite analysis of chromosomal regions 12p23.3, 2q35, 3p14.2, 3p22.2, 3p26.3, 9p22.1, 17p13.3 was performed. The frequency of genetic alterations in NSCLC was 50% in average. LOH/MSI in the tumor surrounding tissue at 2 and 5 cm. from tumor was not detected. There were statistically significant associations between LOH and/or MSI and the tumor stage, its histological type and smoking status. The found genetic alterations can be used as molecular markers of squamous cell lung cancer in difficult diagnostic cases and appraised as prognostic markers.