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Updated: May 1, 2026

A Microfluidic-based Hydrodynamic Trap for Single Particles

A Microfluidic-based Hydrodynamic Trap for Single Particles

Published on: January 22, 2011

Micro-fabricated stylus ion trap.

Christian L Arrington¹, Kyle S McKay, Ehren D Baca

¹Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|September 7, 2013

Summary

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A novel 3D stylus Paul trap was developed for single atomic ion sensing. This microfabricated trap significantly reduces ion-surface distance, enabling precise electric-field noise measurements.

Area of Science:

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)
Quantum Sensing

Background:

Electric-field noise from proximate surfaces can degrade the performance of sensitive devices.
Confining single atomic ions offers a promising route for high-precision measurements.
Miniaturizing ion traps is crucial for integrating quantum sensors with microelectronic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and fabricate a three-dimensional (3D) electroformed stylus Paul trap for single atomic ion confinement.
To investigate the trap's capability for probing electric-field noise near surfaces.
To characterize the performance of the microfabricated trap for quantum sensing applications.

Main Methods:

Microfabrication of a 150 μm tall stylus trap using the UV-LIGA technique with 40 μm feature sizes.

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A Microfluidic-based Hydrodynamic Trap for Single Particles

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Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps

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Confinement of single, laser-cooled magnesium-25 ions ((25)Mg(+)) in an ultra-high-vacuum environment.

Measurement of ion motional mode heating rates using Raman sideband spectroscopy.

Main Results:

Single (25)Mg(+) ions were successfully confined with lifetimes exceeding 2 hours.
A motional mode of the ion at 4 MHz was cooled close to its ground state ( = 0.34 ± 0.07).
The trap exhibited a measured heating rate of 387 ± 15 quanta/s at an ion height of 62 μm.

Conclusions:

The electroformed 3D stylus Paul trap is a viable platform for high-precision electric-field noise sensing.
The microfabrication technique enables reduced ion-surface distances, enhancing sensor sensitivity.
The demonstrated performance metrics indicate potential for advanced quantum sensor development.