[Thirty years since the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection]

After 30 years since the first cases of HIV infection were reported, and despite of huge progress in diagnostics, treatment and prevention, the disease has spreaded to every country in the world. During these years, several highly effective antiretroviral drugs have been developed. The newest combined treatments have dramatically changed the natural history of the disease, from a progressive and lethal infection, to a chronic one. However, two mayor challenges remain: the availability of treatments to all infected patients from developing countries, and an effective vaccine.