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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response01:15

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...
Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
Chronopharmacokinetics: Time-Dependent Pharmacokinetics01:20

Chronopharmacokinetics: Time-Dependent Pharmacokinetics

Chronopharmacokinetics studies the temporal change in drug absorption and elimination. These changes can be cyclical or non-cyclical. Cyclical changes occur over a regular interval, while non-cyclical changes occur over a longer, irregular period.
Time-dependent pharmacokinetics refers to non-cyclical changes in drug rate processes over a period of time. It can lead to nonlinear pharmacokinetics, where the relationship between drug concentration and time is not proportional. Non-cyclical...
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During the initial hours of fasting, the body uses up its glycogen stores as an energy source. Once these glycogen reserves are depleted, the body begins breaking down stored triglycerides and structural proteins. During this stage, glycerol becomes a key substrate for gluconeogenesis, while free fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to provide energy for tissues, such as skeletal muscle. In the fasting state, the body spares protein breakdown as much as possible to conserve muscle and structural...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Manipulation of Rhythmic Food Intake in Mice Using a Custom-Made Feeding System
07:34

Manipulation of Rhythmic Food Intake in Mice Using a Custom-Made Feeding System

Published on: December 16, 2022

Chronobiology and nutrition.

Y Tahara1, S Shibata

  • 1Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.

Neuroscience
|September 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This review explores chronobiology and nutrition, highlighting how food timing impacts mammalian circadian clocks. It proposes "Chrono-nutrition" as a new research strategy for healthy habits.

Keywords:
AMPKDMHFAAFEOGlut2KOLHANADPARP-1Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1SCNSglt1WTZTZeitgeber timeadenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinasecircadian rhythmclockdorsomedial hypothalamusfood anticipatory activityfood entrainable oscillatorglucose transporter 2knock-outlateral hypothalamuslivernNOSneuronal nitric oxide synthasenicotinamide adenine dinucleotideobesityperiod 2sodium/glucose cotransporter 1suprachiasmatic nucleuswild type

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Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Manipulation of Rhythmic Food Intake in Mice Using a Custom-Made Feeding System
07:34

Manipulation of Rhythmic Food Intake in Mice Using a Custom-Made Feeding System

Published on: December 16, 2022

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Mammalian Physiology

Background:

  • Mammalian circadian clock systems regulate vital physiological functions like metabolism and digestion.
  • External light-dark cycles and food intake act as key synchronizers for these biological clocks.
  • Emerging research explores how dietary factors influence circadian rhythmicity and metabolic health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in chronobiology and nutrition research.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on the relationship between food intake and circadian rhythms.
  • To propose a standardized research strategy termed "Chrono-nutrition".

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies in chronobiology and nutrition.
  • Analysis of research investigating food type, frequency, and timing effects on circadian systems.
  • Synthesis of findings to define the scope of Chrono-nutrition.

Main Results:

  • Food intake is a potent synchronizer of mammalian circadian clocks, comparable to light-dark cycles.
  • Specific aspects of nutrition (type, frequency, timing) are being investigated for their impact on body clock optimization.
  • Existing research provides a foundation for a more structured approach to studying diet and circadian rhythms.

Conclusions:

  • Chrono-nutrition represents a novel framework for understanding and optimizing health through diet and circadian biology.
  • Standardized research strategies are needed to further elucidate the complex interactions between nutrition and the body clock.
  • This field holds potential for developing new guidelines for healthy eating habits and metabolic regulation.