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Related Concept Videos

Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An immobile...
Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Classification of Bones01:18

Classification of Bones

The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four major classes: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Some classifications include a fifth type, the sesamoid bones, as a separate class, whereas others categorize them under short bones.
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The long...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint
06:06

Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

Published on: July 22, 2021

Ankle osteoarthritis: etiology, diagnostics, and classification.

Alexej Barg1, Geert I Pagenstert, Thomas Hügle

  • 1Orthopaedic Department, Osteoarthritis Research Center Basel, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, Basel CH-4031, Switzerland. alexej.barg@usb.ch

Foot and Ankle Clinics
|September 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease causing pain and dysfunction, particularly in older adults. This review focuses on posttraumatic ankle OA, its causes, and assessment methods.

Keywords:
Ankle osteoarthritisClassification of ankle osteoarthritisDiagnostics of ankle osteoarthritisEtiology of ankle osteoarthritisPosttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis

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Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint
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Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach
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Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

Published on: January 24, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Rheumatology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disease characterized by degeneration, leading to pain and dysfunction.
  • It significantly impacts middle-aged and older populations, disabling over 10% of individuals older than 60.
  • Ankle OA, especially posttraumatic OA, is a common manifestation in the tibiotalar joint.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the etiology of ankle osteoarthritis.
  • To describe the onset and development of posttraumatic ankle OA.
  • To detail clinical and radiographic assessment methods for ankle OA.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on osteoarthritis etiology.
  • Analysis of posttraumatic ankle OA development.
  • Description of diagnostic techniques for ankle OA.

Main Results:

  • The review covers the causes of ankle OA.
  • It details how posttraumatic OA develops in the ankle.
  • Various clinical and radiographic assessment tools are explained.

Conclusions:

  • Ankle OA, particularly posttraumatic, is a significant health concern.
  • Understanding its etiology and development is crucial for management.
  • Comprehensive assessment methods are vital for diagnosis and treatment planning.