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Related Concept Videos

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Updated: May 8, 2026

Efficient and Rapid Isolation of Early-stage Embryos from Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds
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Published on: June 7, 2013

Genomic imprinting: insights from plants.

Mary Gehring1

  • 1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142;

Annual Review of Genetics
|September 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Parent-of-origin gene expression, known as imprinting, is crucial epigenetic regulation in plants and mammals. This process, mainly in plant endosperm, involves DNA demethylation and Polycomb group proteins, impacting epigenome maintenance.

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Plant Science

Background:

  • Imprinted gene expression is a parent-specific allele regulation observed in flowering plants and mammals.
  • In plants, imprinting predominantly occurs in the endosperm, a nutritive tissue for the developing embryo.
  • This epigenetic mechanism is linked to DNA demethylation and Polycomb group protein activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms and significance of imprinted gene expression in plants.
  • To understand the role of epigenetic remodeling in gametes and seeds related to imprinting.

Main Methods:

  • Correlating differential allelic expression with DNA demethylation by DNA glycosylases.
  • Investigating the role of repressive targeting by Polycomb group proteins.

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Determination of DNA Methylation of Imprinted Genes in Arabidopsis Endosperm
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In Situ Hybridization for the Precise Localization of Transcripts in Plants
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  • Analyzing large-scale epigenome remodeling in gametes and seeds, focusing on transposable elements.

    • Main Results:

    • Imprinted gene expression is associated with active DNA demethylation and Polycomb group protein recruitment.
    • A significant epigenome remodeling, targeting transposable elements, occurs during gamete and seed development.
    • This remodeling is a key feature of imprinted gene expression in plants.

    Conclusions:

    • Imprinted gene expression is a critical epigenetic regulatory process in plants, particularly in the endosperm.
    • DNA demethylation and Polycomb group proteins are key players in establishing and maintaining imprinting.
    • Epigenome remodeling in gametes and seeds is essential for maintaining the embryonic epigenome and establishing gene imprinting.