Renal artery stenosis--then and now.

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Diagnostic Imaging
• Interventional Radiology

Background:

• Traditional diagnostic methods for renal conditions are being superseded by newer, more effective approaches.
• Understanding the evolution of diagnostic techniques is crucial for optimal patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the current diagnostic standards in renal evaluation.
• To compare the efficacy of various diagnostic modalities.

Main Methods:

• Selective renal arteriography and renal vein renin determination are now standard diagnostic tools.
• Hydrated intravenous pyelogram is utilized for assessing physiological significance.
• Comparison with older methods like differential clearances and translumbar aortography.

Main Results:

• Selective renal arteriography and renal vein renins have largely replaced older diagnostic techniques.
• Intravenous pyelogram remains a valuable adjunct to aortography and renin assays.
• Medical management is the preferred treatment strategy for most patients, with surgery reserved for specific cases.

Conclusions:

• Modern diagnostic approaches offer improved accuracy and utility in evaluating renal conditions.
• The shift towards less invasive and more informative diagnostic tools enhances patient management.
• Conservative medical treatment is generally favored over surgical intervention for renal diseases.