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Related Concept Videos

Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a bonus...
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice01:30

Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice

Theories play an essential role in organizing patient care. Theories refer to a proposed or followed belief, policy, or procedure that is the basis for action. Nursing theories are knowledge-based concepts that guide nurses' actions, influence nursing education and practice, and allow nurses to care for their patients.
Theories provide a perspective to assess patients' conditions and organize data and methods. They also assist in analyzing and interpreting information. They represent a...
Theory of Attribution II: Kelley's Covariation Theory01:29

Theory of Attribution II: Kelley's Covariation Theory

Attribution theory plays a crucial role in social psychology, helping to explain how individuals interpret the causes of behavior. One prominent model within this field is Harold Kelley's covariation theory, which provides a systematic approach to determining whether internal traits or external circumstances drive a person's actions. The model posits that individuals rely on three key types of information—consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness—to make these judgments.Consensus: Comparing...
Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving01:13

Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving

The principle of virtual work is an essential concept in the field of mechanics and engineering. This is used to solve problems related to the equilibrium of a structure or system. It is based on the assumption that if a system is in equilibrium, the work done by all the forces during a virtual displacement is zero. This principle is applied by considering virtual displacements of the system and the corresponding work done by internal and external forces.
To apply the principle of virtual work,...
Halo Effect01:27

Halo Effect

The halo effect is a cognitive bias in which an individual's overall impression influences judgments about their specific traits. This psychological phenomenon leads people to associate positive characteristics with those they perceive as generally good and negative characteristics with those they view as bad. This effect is particularly influential in social perception, professional evaluations, and decision-making processes.The Psychological Basis of the Halo EffectThe halo effect is rooted...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills
07:31

A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills

Published on: February 13, 2020

Programmatic assessment of competency-based workplace learning: when theory meets practice.

Harold G J Bok1, Pim W Teunissen, Robert P Favier

  • 1Quality Improvement in Veterinary Education, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. G.J.Bok@uu.nl.

BMC Medical Education
|September 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Implementing programmatic assessment in medical education requires careful planning and faculty training. Integrating learning and assessment, while challenging, emphasizes feedback and competence development for better outcomes.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills
07:31

A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills

Published on: February 13, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Competency-Based Education
  • Assessment Theory

Background:

  • Shift towards learner-centeredness and sustained professional competence in medical education.
  • Need for new teaching and assessment methods aligned with competency-based education.
  • Advocacy for holistic, programmatic assessment to enhance learning, validity, and reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the interaction between programmatic assessment theories and educational practice in a competency-based curriculum.
  • To investigate the implementation of a theory-based assessment program.
  • To identify lessons learned from the experiences of students and clinical supervisors.

Main Methods:

  • A development study with quantitative evaluation data collection (April 2011-May 2012).
  • Group interviews with students and clinical supervisors to explore assessment program experiences.
  • Thematic analysis of interview transcripts to identify lessons learned.

Main Results:

  • Programmatic assessment integrates learning and assessment, motivating students to seek feedback.
  • Assessment instruments aligned with competencies facilitate structured information aggregation.
  • Formative assessments were perceived as summative by students; peer feedback was valuable.
  • Self-directed learning requires social interaction and external guidance; holistic portfolio judgments need trained judges.

Conclusions:

  • Implementing low-stakes programmatic assessment for formative feedback and summative decisions is challenging.
  • Careful preparation and guidance are crucial for successful implementation.
  • Effective assessment for learning necessitates meaningful feedback and faculty/student development.