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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...

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Related Experiment Video

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Experimental Protocol of a Three-minute, All-out Arm Crank Exercise Test in Spinal-cord Injured and Able-bodied Individuals
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Published on: June 8, 2017

Intensive exercise program after spinal cord injury ("Full-On"): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Mary P Galea1, Sarah A Dunlop, Glen M Davis

  • 1Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia. m.galea@unimelb.edu.au.

Trials
|September 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study compares intensive whole-body activity-based therapy to upper body exercise for spinal cord injury (SCI) recovery. Results will show if this intensive program improves neurological function and independence after SCI.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Traditional spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation focuses on compensatory strategies.
  • Emerging evidence suggests activity-based therapies can promote neurological improvement in paralyzed limbs.
  • This study investigates intensive activity-based therapy for SCI recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of a 12-week intensive whole-body activity-based therapy program against an upper body exercise program.
  • To evaluate the impact of intensive exercise on neurological recovery and functional independence in individuals with SCI.
  • To determine if whole-body therapy enhances outcomes more than isolated upper body training.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter, assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial involving 188 participants with SCI.
  • Participants, at least 6 months post-primary rehabilitation, were randomized to either a 12-week intensive whole-body program or an upper body exercise program.
  • The primary outcome measure was the American Spinal Injuries Association (ASIA) Motor Score, with secondary measures including sensation, function, and quality of life.

Main Results:

  • The study is designed to determine the effectiveness of the intervention.
  • Primary outcome is the ASIA Motor Score, assessing neurological recovery.
  • Secondary outcomes include functional, sensory, psychological, and quality of life measures.

Conclusions:

  • The trial's results will clarify the efficacy of a 12-week intensive whole-body exercise program for improving neurological recovery post-spinal cord injury.
  • Findings will inform future rehabilitation strategies for individuals with SCI.
  • This research aims to establish a more effective approach to activity-based rehabilitation.