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Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: diversity of FTLD lesions
1Laboratoire de neuropathologie Escourolle, pôle des maladies du système nerveux, CHU Pitié Salpétrière, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; Équipe causes de la SLA et mécanismes des maladies du motoneurone, CRICM, UPMC UMR_S975, Inserm U 975, CNRS UMR 7225, 75013 Paris, France.
Abstract:
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a heterogeneous group including both sporadic and familial diseases, characterized by a macroscopic alteration. It may correspond to various cognitive syndromes: behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), progressive nonfluent aphasia, and semantic dementia. The neuropathologic classification is now based on identification of the protein that accumulates in neurons and glia: Tau, TAR DNA Binding Protein 43 (TDP-43), and FUsed in Sarcoma (FUS). The disorders in which the corresponding proteins accumulate have been named FTLD-Tau, FTLD-TDP, and FTLD-FUS. FTLD-Tau includes sporadic cases (e.g. Pick's disease) and Tau mutations. FTLD-TDP are subdivided within four types (A, B, C, D) according to the shape and distribution of TDP-43 positive lesions within the associative frontal cortex. The FTLD-FUS group includes atypical FTLD with ubiquitinated lesions (FTLD-U), Neuronal Intermediate Filament Inclusion Disease (NIFID) and Basophilic Inclusion Body Disease (BIBD).
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