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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Perspectives on Neuroscience
26:41

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Published on: July 31, 2007

Authors' response: a second-person neuroscience in interaction.

Leonhard Schilbach, Bert Timmermans, Vasudevi Reddy

    The Behavioral and Brain Sciences
    |September 20, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study refines second-person neuroscience, emphasizing engaged interaction as fundamental for understanding others. It argues that social cognition requires second-person perspectives, even when considering alternative theoretical frameworks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Social Cognition
    • Philosophy of Mind

    Background:

    • Current models of social cognition often rely on spectatorial paradigms.
    • Understanding others may be more deeply rooted in engaged, second-person interaction than previously assumed.
    • The proposal for second-person neuroscience aims to re-evaluate the mechanisms of social understanding.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To clarify and defend the proposal for second-person neuroscience.
    • To address criticisms and potential misinterpretations of the second-person approach.
    • To explore the implications of second-person neuroscience for understanding agency, intentionality, and clinical applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical argumentation and conceptual analysis.
    • Critique of existing spectatorial paradigms in social neuroscience.
    • Elaboration of the ontogenetic priority of second-person engaged interaction.

    Main Results:

    • Second-person engaged interaction is proposed as ontogenetically prior for understanding others.
    • Spectatorial paradigms require supplementation for a complete understanding of social interactions.
    • Alternative approaches to social understanding implicitly rely on second-person concepts.

    Conclusions:

    • Second-person neuroscience offers a crucial framework for understanding social cognition.
    • The proposal challenges traditional views on cognitive mechanisms confined to intra-agent space.
    • The approach has significant implications for theories of agency, intentionality, and clinical practice.