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Related Concept Videos

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure to...

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Chemiluminescence-based Assays for Detection of Nitric Oxide and its Derivatives from Autoxidation and Nitrosated Compounds
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Nitric oxide scavenging by red cell microparticles.

Chen Liu1, Weixin Zhao2, George J Christ2

  • 1Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA.

Free Radical Biology & Medicine
|September 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Red cell microparticles, formed during blood storage and in hemolytic diseases, scavenge nitric oxide (NO), potentially impairing blood vessel function. This impacts transfusion safety and disease treatment.

Keywords:
ACDAChBlood storageCFZCell-free hemoglobinEDRFFree radicalsHbHctMPNitric oxideOxyHbPERBCRed cell microparticlesacetylcholineacid citrate dextrosecell-free zoneendothelial-derived relaxing factorhematocrithemoglobinmicroparticleoxygenated hemoglobinphenylephrinered blood cell

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Red cell microparticles (RMPs) are vesicles released from red blood cells during storage and in hemolytic conditions.
  • RMPs are implicated in transfusion reactions and hemolytic diseases, affecting hemostasis and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability.
  • RMPs rapidly react with NO, similar to cell-free hemoglobin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the factors influencing RMP scavenging of NO.
  • To determine the impact of RMPs on NO bioavailability and endothelial function.
  • To assess the role of RMPs in aged stored blood and hemolytic anemias.

Main Methods:

  • Chemiluminescence NO-scavenging assay to compare NO scavenging by RMPs and cell-free hemoglobin.
  • Computational simulations to model RMP interaction with endothelial cells.
  • Single-microvessel myography to assess RMP effects on vasodilation under laminar flow.

Main Results:

  • Both cell-free hemoglobin and RMPs increase with storage duration in ADSOL-preserved blood.
  • RMPs constitute about 20% of extra-erythrocytic hemoglobin during storage.
  • RMPs enter the cell-free zone, inhibit NO-dependent vasodilation, and reduce NO bioavailability.

Conclusions:

  • RMPs significantly contribute to NO scavenging, impacting endothelial function.
  • Even small amounts of RMPs, like those in aged stored blood, can impair vasodilation.
  • These findings highlight the clinical relevance of RMPs in transfusion medicine and hemolytic diseases.