Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Channel Rhodopsins

Channel Rhodopsins

Most organisms use photoreceptors to sense and respond to light. Examples of photoreceptors include bacteriorhodopsins and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria, phytochromes in plants, and rhodopsins in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebral retina. The light-sensitive property of these receptors is because of the bound chromophores, such as bilin in the phytochromes and retinal in the rhodopsins.
Rhodopsins belong to the family of cell surface proteins called G-protein coupled receptors,...

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Voltage dynamics of cortical dendrites in vivo.

Nature neuroscience·2026

Same author

Correction to "Optical Single-Channel Recording via Diffusional Confinement in Membrane Tethers".

ACS nano·2026

Same author

A dendrite-resolved, <i>in vivo</i> transfer function from spike patterns to dendritic Ca<sup>2</sup>.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Ether lipids influence cancer cell fate by modulating iron uptake.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Fast dendritic excitations primarily mediate back-propagation in CA1 pyramidal neurons during behavior.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Swimming motions evoke Piezo1-dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup> events in vascular endothelial cells of larval zebrafish.

Current biology : CB·2025

Same journal

Tracking Synthetic Adhesins on Bacterial Surfaces with Immunofluorescence Microscopy.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

Post-Selection Methods for Analyzing mRNA Display Selections and Optimization of Hits.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

High-Performance Computing in Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) Peptide Identification.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

Engineering and Adapting Disulfide-Containing Proteins to Enable Intracellular Functionality.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

AI-Driven Protein Research: From Prediction to Design.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

Methods for the In Vitro Selection of Protein and Peptide Libraries Using mRNA Display.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Imaging Membrane Potential with Two Types of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Voltage Sensors

Imaging Membrane Potential with Two Types of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Voltage Sensors

Published on: February 4, 2016

Measuring membrane voltage with microbial rhodopsins.

Adam E Cohen¹, Daniel R Hochbaum

¹Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology and Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|September 21, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Optical voltage measurements using microbial rhodopsins offer new biological insights. This chapter details experimental procedures for utilizing these sensitive, fast, but dim fluorescent voltage indicators.

More Related Videos

Measuring the Induced Membrane Voltage with Di-8-ANEPPS

Measuring the Induced Membrane Voltage with Di-8-ANEPPS

Published on: November 19, 2009

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Imaging Membrane Potential with Two Types of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Voltage Sensors

Imaging Membrane Potential with Two Types of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Voltage Sensors

Published on: February 4, 2016

Measuring the Induced Membrane Voltage with Di-8-ANEPPS

Measuring the Induced Membrane Voltage with Di-8-ANEPPS

Published on: November 19, 2009

Area of Science:

Biophysics
Neuroscience
Microbiology

Background:

Membrane voltage (Vm) is crucial for cellular functions like neuronal communication and cardiac activity.
Optical Vm measurements offer potential for understanding cellular voltage propagation.
A lack of effective optical contrast agents has limited Vm optical measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe experimental procedures for optical voltage measurements using microbial rhodopsins.
To enable researchers to utilize microbial rhodopsins for Vm sensing.

Main Methods:

Utilizing microbial rhodopsin-based fluorescent voltage indicators.
Implementing careful experimental procedures to overcome indicator dimness.
Performing optical measurements of membrane voltage.

Main Results:

Microbial rhodopsins provide sensitive and fast optical Vm indicators.
Experimental challenges related to indicator dimness can be managed.
Successful optical voltage measurements are achievable.

Conclusions:

Optical Vm measurements with microbial rhodopsins are feasible.
Detailed experimental protocols are essential for effective Vm optical sensing.
This method advances the study of cellular electrical activity.