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Updated: May 7, 2026
07:59
A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products
Published on: October 4, 2019
Menthol: a simple monoterpene with remarkable biological properties
Guy P P Kamatou1, Ilze Vermaak, Alvaro M Viljoen
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
Phytochemistry
|September 24, 2013
Summary
Menthol, a cyclic monoterpene alcohol, is widely used for its cooling properties in consumer products and has various biological effects. This review covers its chemical and biological properties, cooling effects, and toxicity.
Area of Science:
- Chemistry
- Pharmacology
- Botany
Background:
- Menthol is a cyclic monoterpene alcohol valued for its cooling sensation and minty aroma.
- It is a significant flavoring additive in confections, oral care, and medicinal products.
- Menthol is also found in cigarettes and is synthesized industrially, with high global demand.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the chemical and biological properties of menthol.
- To highlight menthol's cooling effects and toxicity.
- To discuss its applications in consumer and medicinal products.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of menthol's properties and applications.
- Summary of chemical synthesis and natural isolation methods.
- Analysis of biological activities and toxicological data.
Main Results:
- Menthol exhibits cooling, antibacterial, antifungal, antipruritic, anticancer, and analgesic effects.
- It enhances dermal penetration of pharmaceuticals.
- (-)-menthol is the most preferred stereoisomer.
Conclusions:
- Menthol is a versatile compound with significant industrial and medicinal applications.
- Its cooling properties and biological activities are well-established.
- Further research into menthol's toxicity is warranted.
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