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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix
10:21

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix

Published on: June 14, 2016

Cardiac matrix: a clue for future therapy.

Paras Kumar Mishra1, Srikanth Givvimani, Vishalakshi Chavali

  • 1Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|September 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The cardiac matrix is crucial for heart function, regulating cardiomyocyte contractility and survival. Its disruption by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) can lead to cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords:
APTAngiogenesisCPCCSCCVDDNA methyl transferaseDNMTECMHeartMMPMicroRNAROSSERCAStem cellTIMPVEGFacute pulmonary thromboembolismcardiac progenitor cellcardiac stem cellcardiovascular diseaseextracellular matrixmatrix metalloproteinasemiRNAreactive oxygen speciessarco endoplasmic reticulum ca(2+)ATPasetissue inhibitor of MMPvascular endothelial growth factor

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Neonatal Cardiac Scaffolds: Novel Matrices for Regenerative Studies
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Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients
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Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients

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Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix
10:21

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix

Published on: June 14, 2016

Neonatal Cardiac Scaffolds: Novel Matrices for Regenerative Studies
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Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients
09:16

Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients

Published on: February 28, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Cardiac muscle's continuous contraction relies on its unique matrix for structural and functional integrity.
  • The cardiac matrix influences endothelium-myocyte coupling and cardiomyocyte contractility.
  • Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) regulate matrix degradation, impacting cardiac fibrosis and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which cardiac matrix regulates myocardial performance.
  • To explore the role of MMP-9 in regulating microRNAs (miRNAs), calcium cycling, and cardiomyocyte contractility.
  • To suggest future therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases based on matrix regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the cardiac matrix, MMPs, TIMPs, and miRNAs.
  • Analysis of studies investigating MMP-9's effects on cardiac cells and matrix.
  • Examination of the relationship between matrix homeostasis and cardiovascular health.

Main Results:

  • MMP-9 influences miRNA expression, calcium cycling, and cardiomyocyte contractility.
  • Differential miRNA expression is linked to cardiac angiogenesis, hypertrophy, and fibrosis.
  • MMP-9 activity and altered matrix homeostasis contribute to cardiac dysfunction and impaired stem cell activity.

Conclusions:

  • The cardiac matrix is essential for maintaining heart function, regulating contractility and providing a framework for cardiac progenitor cell differentiation.
  • Dysregulation of matrix homeostasis, involving MMPs and miRNAs, has detrimental effects on myocardial performance.
  • Understanding these mechanisms offers potential for developing novel treatments for cardiovascular diseases.