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Updated: May 7, 2026

Implantation and Evaluation of Melanoma in the Murine Choroid via Optical Coherence Tomography
Published on: December 2, 2022
[Analysis of risk factors of choroidal melanoma extraocular extension]
Bozena Romanowska-Dixon1, Barbara Jakubowska, Rafał Pawlikowski
1Klinika Okulistyki i Onkologii Okulistycznej, Katedry Okulistyki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w Krakowie. romanowskadixonbozena1@gmail.com
Purpose:
To report the risk factors for extraocular extension of uveal melanoma.
Material And Methods:
A retrospective study of 1144 enucleated eyes with ciliary body or/and choroidal melanoma.
Results:
Extraocular extension or intrascleral invasion was found in 170 patients (14.86%), the nodular extraocular extension in 71 (6.20%). Extraocular extension was more common in older patients (> 50), large and medium size tumors, located close to the optic disc and mixed type.
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