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Related Concept Videos

Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
Cotranslational Protein Translocation01:20

Cotranslational Protein Translocation

Translocation of proteins across membranes is an ancient process that occurs even in bacteria and archaebacteria. In fact, the components of the translocation machinery are still conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...

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Global Identification of Co-Translational Interaction Networks by Selective Ribosome Profiling
06:58

Global Identification of Co-Translational Interaction Networks by Selective Ribosome Profiling

Published on: October 7, 2021

Methods for identifying translational researchers.

Mary K Feeney1, Timothy Johnson, Eric W Welch

  • 1University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA.

Evaluation & the Health Professions
|September 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Identifying translational researchers for evaluating Clinical and Translational Science Centers is complex. Our study reveals minimal overlap between different identification methods, highlighting challenges in defining and assessing translational science programs.

Keywords:
CTSANIHevaluationsurveystranslational

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Area of Science:

  • Translational Science
  • Clinical Research
  • Biomedical Research Evaluation

Background:

  • Current methods for identifying translational researchers in Clinical and Translational Science Centers lack standardization.
  • Evaluating the impact and scope of translational science initiatives requires a clear definition of the research community involved.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complexities and challenges in reliably identifying translational researchers.
  • To analyze the overlap between different methods used for identifying researchers engaged in translational science.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from a multiyear evaluation of the University of Illinois at Chicago Center for Clinical and Translational Science (CCTS).
  • Employed three distinct methods for identifying translational researchers: CCTS program participation, self-identification, and characteristic translational activities.

Main Results:

  • Found minimal overlap between the groups of researchers identified through the three distinct methods.
  • Demonstrated significant discrepancies in identifying the translational research community based on varying criteria.

Conclusions:

  • The findings highlight substantial challenges in evaluating translational science programs due to inconsistent researcher identification.
  • Emphasizes the critical need for improved definitions, communication, and clear demonstration of translational science activities for both scientists and evaluators.