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The evolution of editorial peer review.

J C Burnham1

  • 1Department of History, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210-1367.

JAMA
|March 9, 1990
PubMed
Summary

The historical evolution of editorial peer review shows it became widespread only after World War II, developing independently from grant peer review. Its institutionalization in the 20th century addressed increasing article submissions and the need for expert validation.

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Area of Science:

  • Bibliometrics
  • History of Science
  • Scholarly Communication

Background:

  • Biomedical journals emerged in the 19th century, initially serving as personal outlets with editors acting as educators.
  • The practice of editorial peer review was not common until after World War II.
  • Contrary to popular belief, editorial peer review did not evolve from or alongside grant peer review.