Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Lipidomic profiling reveals a distinct lipidomic signature of early gestational diabetes.

Communications medicine·2026
Same author

A longitudinal study of partner support and maternal mental health following pregnancy during public health crises.

Journal of affective disorders·2026
Same author

Development and validation of the gestational diabetes mellitus holistic healthcare needs scale.

Primary care diabetes·2026
Same author

Ketone Profiles in Community-Dwelling Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Using Continuous Ketone Monitoring.

Diabetes technology & therapeutics·2026
Same author

Objective perimetry and diabetic retinopathy progression: a 10-year follow-up study.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same author

Could gene therapy delivered to the liver cure type 1 diabetes?

Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·2026
Same journal

VIR-SAAF: a study protocol for a national decentralised randomised controlled trial of home-based sleep apnoea screening in patients with atrial fibrillation in Denmark.

BMJ open·2026
Same journal

Korean translation, cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the revised patients' attitudes towards deprescribing questionnaire for caregivers.

BMJ open·2026
Same journal

MDMA-assisted PTSD and Alcohol Therapy Trial (MPATHY): study protocol for a double-blind, randomised, controlled outpatient trial of MDMA-assisted integrated exposure-based therapy for comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorder.

BMJ open·2026
Same journal

Helping Underdeveloped Lungs with Cells (HULC-2): mesenchymal stromal cells in extreme preterm infants at risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia - a study protocol of a phase 2 multicentre double blind randomised controlled trial in Canada.

BMJ open·2026
Same journal

Investigation of barriers and facilitators to implementing a randomised controlled trial during health emergency using the PEARLES framework: insights from the coverage Africa trial on COVID-19 treatments in Burkina Faso.

BMJ open·2026
Same journal

Cost-effectiveness of immediate septoplasty versus medical management with the option for delayed septoplasty for nasal airways obstruction: a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial.

BMJ open·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
06:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

Opportunistic pathology-based screening for diabetes.

Aaron J Simpson1, Renata Krowka, Jennifer L Kerrigan

  • 1Department of Chemical Pathology, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.

BMJ Open
|September 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Opportunistic testing of pathology samples effectively screens for undiagnosed diabetes. This method is particularly useful for detecting diabetes in hospital patients and older individuals.

Keywords:
Diabetes ScreeningDiabetes and EndocrinologyHbA1c

More Related Videos

A High-Throughput Electrochemiluminescence 7-Plex Assay Simultaneously Screening for Type 1 Diabetes and Multiple Autoimmune Diseases
06:50

A High-Throughput Electrochemiluminescence 7-Plex Assay Simultaneously Screening for Type 1 Diabetes and Multiple Autoimmune Diseases

Published on: May 29, 2020

An Assay to Detect Protection of the Retinal Vasculature from Diabetes-Related Death in Mice
04:36

An Assay to Detect Protection of the Retinal Vasculature from Diabetes-Related Death in Mice

Published on: January 12, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
06:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

A High-Throughput Electrochemiluminescence 7-Plex Assay Simultaneously Screening for Type 1 Diabetes and Multiple Autoimmune Diseases
06:50

A High-Throughput Electrochemiluminescence 7-Plex Assay Simultaneously Screening for Type 1 Diabetes and Multiple Autoimmune Diseases

Published on: May 29, 2020

An Assay to Detect Protection of the Retinal Vasculature from Diabetes-Related Death in Mice
04:36

An Assay to Detect Protection of the Retinal Vasculature from Diabetes-Related Death in Mice

Published on: January 12, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Undiagnosed diabetes poses a significant public health challenge.
  • Early detection of diabetes is crucial for effective management and prevention of complications.
  • Current screening methods may not reach all at-risk populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of opportunistic glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) testing for identifying previously unknown diabetes.
  • To assess the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes in samples collected for other clinical reasons.
  • To compare detection rates across different patient settings (community-based vs. hospital-based).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized existing pathology samples (n=4505) from diverse settings (community-based, emergency department, inpatient).
  • Measured HbA1c levels using a Biorad Variant II turbo analyser; diagnostic threshold set at ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol).
  • Confirmed diabetes status through medical record review and general practitioner consultations, excluding specific patient groups.

Main Results:

  • HbA1c levels ≥6.5% were found in 7.3% of tested samples (327/4505).
  • Previously unknown diabetes was diagnosed in 2.7% of participants (120/4505).
  • Higher prevalence of previously unknown diabetes (5.4%) observed in hospital-based patients over 54 years old.

Conclusions:

  • Opportunistic HbA1c testing of pathology samples is an effective strategy for diabetes screening.
  • This approach is particularly beneficial for identifying diabetes in hospital settings and among elderly individuals.
  • Leveraging routine pathology samples offers a practical means to improve diabetes case detection.