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Updated: May 7, 2026

A High Resolution Method to Monitor Phosphorylation-dependent Activation of IRF3
Published on: January 24, 2016
Transcriptional regulation by STAT1 and STAT2 in the interferon JAK-STAT pathway
Nancy Au-Yeung1, Roli Mandhana, Curt M Horvath
1Department of Molecular Biosciences; Northwestern University; Evanston, IL USA.
Abstract:
STAT1 and STAT2 proteins are key mediators of type I and type III interferon (IFN) signaling, and are essential components of the cellular antiviral response and adaptive immunity. They associate with IFN regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) to form a heterotrimeric transcription factor complex known as ISGF3. The regulation of IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression has served as a model of JAK-STAT signaling and mammalian transcriptional regulation, but to date has primarily been analyzed at the single gene level. While many aspects of ISGF3-mediated gene regulation are thought to be common features applicable to several ISGs, there are also many reports of distinct cases of non-canonical STAT1 or STAT2 signaling events and distinct patterns of co-regulators that contribute to gene-specific transcription. Recent genome-wide studies have begun to uncover a more complete profile of ISG regulation, moving toward a genome-wide understanding of general mechanisms that underlie gene-specific behaviors.
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