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Related Concept Videos

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
MAPK Signaling Cascades01:07

MAPK Signaling Cascades

Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways01:25

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway02:54

Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway

The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which results in tumor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

The Drosophila Imaginal Disc Tumor Model: Visualization and Quantification of Gene Expression and Tumor Invasiveness Using Genetic Mosaics
10:31

The Drosophila Imaginal Disc Tumor Model: Visualization and Quantification of Gene Expression and Tumor Invasiveness Using Genetic Mosaics

Published on: October 6, 2016

The Drosophila JAK-STAT pathway.

Martin P Zeidler1, Nina Bausek

  • 1MRC Centre for Development and Biomedical Genetics and the Department of Biomedical Science; The University of Sheffield; Sheffield, UK.

JAK-STAT
|September 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The JAK-STAT pathway is conserved between humans and Drosophila, allowing fly genetics to reveal essential signaling functions. This review highlights conserved molecular, functional, and disease aspects of this pathway.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Signaling cascades are conserved between humans and Drosophila over 500 million years.
  • The fruit fly, Drosophila, offers genetic tractability for studying conserved pathways.
  • The Janus Kinase-STAT (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway is crucial in both organisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the identification and characterization of the JAK-STAT pathway.
  • To highlight the conserved nature of JAK-STAT signaling.
  • To explore functional requirements and disease relevance across species.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on JAK-STAT pathway.
  • Analysis of conserved molecular and functional aspects.
  • Comparison of Drosophila and human JAK-STAT pathway phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • The JAK-STAT pathway's fundamental role is conserved across species.
  • Drosophila serves as a powerful model for dissecting pathway function.
  • Molecular, functional, and disease-related similarities are evident.

Conclusions:

  • The evolutionary conservation of the JAK-STAT pathway underscores its biological importance.
  • Leveraging Drosophila genetics provides deep insights into conserved signaling mechanisms.
  • Understanding conserved pathways aids in disease research and therapeutic development.