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Updated: May 7, 2026

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Published on: July 7, 2023
Peptide-based anticancer vaccines: The making and unmaking of a T-cell graveyard
Yared Hailemichael1, Willem W Overwijk
1Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, TX USA.
Abstract:
Poorly biodegradable, incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA)-based anticancer vaccines primed CD8+ T cells that did not localize to the tumor site but to the persisting, antigen-rich vaccination site, which became a T-cell graveyard. Short-lived, water-based formulations and the provision of immunostimulatory molecules overcame this issue, resulting in tumor suppression. Here, we discuss the implications of these findings for the development of therapeutic anticancer vaccines.
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