Origin and development of hydrogen peroxide disinfection systems

The discovery of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by Thénard in 1818, and the early phase of its development, are discussed. A brief description is given of the uses of this compound for purposes other than contact lens care. A detailed description of the first application of H2O2 to hydrophilic contact lenses is provided. A review of toxicologic and microbiologic issues and concerns follows, with specific emphasis on the decimal reduction rate (D-value) for H2O2 and the contribution of elements test as applied to any disinfection system. The role of pH and increasing concentrations of H2O2 in inducing ocular discomfort is described. After the introduction of the first H2O2 system, a number of competitive methods reached the marketplace. The unique qualities of one neutralization technique are noted. Hydrogen peroxide will continue for some time as a popular contact lens disinfection mechanism.