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Adsorption Isotherms II

Adsorption Isotherms II

Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) introduced a theory in 1938 that modified Langmuir's assumptions to explain multilayer physical adsorption. This theory is applicable to Type II isotherms and provides a more realistic picture of adsorption processes. The BET theory assumes a uniform solid surface with localized adsorption sites, where adsorption at one site doesn't affect adsorption at neighboring sites. This theory also allows for the possibility of additional molecules being adsorbed on top...

Adsorption of Gases on Solids

Adsorption of Gases on Solids

Adsorption is a process where molecules, known as the adsorbates, accumulate on a surface, which is referred to as the adsorbent or substrate. Occurring at the solid-gas interface, this phenomenon is crucial in various scientific and industrial contexts. The reverse of adsorption is desorption.Two types of adsorptions exist: physical (physisorption) and chemical (chemisorption). Physisorption involves gas molecules held to the solid's surface by relatively weak intermolecular van der Waals...

Adsorption Isotherms I

Adsorption Isotherms I

Adsorption isotherms are mathematical models that describe how molecules in a gas or liquid phase interact with surfaces. Two of the most common isotherm models are the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, which relate to Type I monolayer chemisorption. The Langmuir model is based on four key assumptions:• Adsorption cannot exceed monolayer coverage.• All surface sites are equivalent.• Molecules adsorb only at vacant sites.• There are no interactions between adsorbed molecules.Consider the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

Published on: July 24, 2015

Tunable adsorbate-adsorbate interactions on graphene.

Dmitry Solenov¹, Chad Junkermeier, Thomas L Reinecke

¹National Research Council, National Academies, Washington, District of Columbia 20001, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|October 1, 2013

Summary

We present a method to control adsorbate interactions on graphene, primarily mediated by π electrons. This interaction can be tuned by altering adsorbate-graphene bonding or chemical potential.

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Area of Science:

Surface Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science

Background:

Understanding adsorbate interactions on surfaces is crucial for catalysis and electronics.
Graphene's unique electronic properties offer novel ways to control these interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and theoretically describe a mechanism for controlling adsorbate-adsorbate interactions on graphene.
To identify the key factors governing these interactions and their tunability.

Main Methods:

Utilizing ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Employing numerical tight-binding (TB) methods.
Developing analytical models to describe the interaction mechanism.

Main Results:

The interaction between adsorbates on graphene is dominated by graphene's π electron-mediated effects.
Two distinct regimes of adsorbate interaction were identified.
The interaction strength can be widely tuned by modifying adsorbate-graphene bonding.

Conclusions:

A controllable mechanism for adsorbate interactions on graphene is established.
Graphene's electronic structure provides a versatile platform for manipulating surface chemistry.
The findings offer pathways for designing advanced graphene-based functional materials.