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Related Concept Videos

Mitochondrial Precursor Proteins01:39

Mitochondrial Precursor Proteins

Mitochondrial precursors are partially unfolded or loosely folded polypeptide chains. Newly synthesized precursors are inhibited from spontaneously folding into their native conformation by the cytosolic chaperones, heat shock proteins 70 (Hsp70), and mitochondrial import stimulation factors (MSFs). Precursors bound to MSFs are guided to the TOM70-TOM37 receptors, while precursors bound to Hsp70  chaperones are targetted to TOM20-TOM22 receptor complexes.
Most of the mitochondrial precursors...
Porin Insertion in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane01:12

Porin Insertion in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane

Porins are beta-barrel proteins translocated to the mitochondrial outer membrane through the TOM complex into the intermembrane space. Porin precursors bind TIM chaperones within the intermembrane space and are guided to the Sorting and Assembly Machinery complex or SAM complex on the outer mitochondrial membrane.
Three models describe the assembly of porins by the SAM complex and their insertion into the outer membrane. Model 1 suggests that porins are assembled outside the SAM channel as the...
The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:28

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria.  In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...

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Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Na&#239;ve and Effector CD8 T Cells
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Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Naïve and Effector CD8 T Cells

Published on: March 28, 2025

DHTKD1 is essential for mitochondrial biogenesis and function maintenance.

Wangyang Xu1, Houbao Zhu, Mingmin Gu

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratories, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200011, China.

FEBS Letters
|October 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dehydrogenase E1 and transketolase domain-containing 1 (DHTKD1) is vital for mitochondrial energy production. Its suppression impairs mitochondrial biogenesis, increases reactive oxygen species (ROS), and leads to cell death.

Keywords:
Cell apoptosisDHTKD1Mitochondrial dysfunctionROSmtDNA

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Measuring Mitochondrial Function of Na&#239;ve and Effector CD8 T Cells
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High-Throughput Image-Based Quantification of Mitochondrial DNA Synthesis and Distribution
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High-Throughput Image-Based Quantification of Mitochondrial DNA Synthesis and Distribution

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Mitochondrial integrity is essential for cellular functions and energy metabolism.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to neurological diseases.
  • Mutations in DHTKD1 gene are associated with neurological abnormalities, but its mitochondrial function is unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of DHTKD1 in mitochondrial function and cellular activities.
  • To determine the correlation between DHTKD1 expression and cellular energy production.

Main Methods:

  • Correlation analysis of DHTKD1 expression levels with ATP production.
  • Experimental suppression of DHTKD1 to observe cellular effects.
  • Assessment of mitochondrial biogenesis, ROS levels, cell growth, and apoptosis.

Main Results:

  • DHTKD1 expression strongly correlates with ATP production, indicating a critical role in mitochondrial energy generation.
  • DHTKD1 suppression resulted in impaired mitochondrial biogenesis and elevated ROS levels.
  • Reduced DHTKD1 levels led to retarded cell growth and increased apoptosis.

Conclusions:

  • DHTKD1 is a key regulator of mitochondrial energy production and biogenesis.
  • DHTKD1 plays a crucial role in maintaining mitochondrial function and cellular homeostasis.
  • Understanding DHTKD1's function provides insights into potential therapeutic targets for mitochondrial dysfunction and related diseases.