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Related Concept Videos

Apoptosis01:30

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size reduction of the tissue.
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
Yeast Signaling01:28

Yeast Signaling

Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy01:22

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

Cells respond to damage and stress through highly coordinated processes that decide whether they survive or undergo controlled self-destruction. Two major pathways involved in this regulation are apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, and autophagy, a survival mechanism that helps cells adapt to adverse conditions.ApoptosisApoptosis removes aged or injured cells to maintain tissue balance. During this process, the cell shrinks, chromatin condenses and fragments, and membrane-bound...
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and pro-apoptotic...
Caspases01:24

Caspases

Caspase, a family of cysteine proteases, serve as effectors in apoptosis. The ced3 gene in C.elegans was first identified to be involved in apoptosis. This gene encodes the ced-3 caspase that is similar to the interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme or ICE in mammals. In addition to apoptosis, caspases also function in the inflammatory response. Inflammatory caspases are essential in activating pro-inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells and block the replication of pathogens inside cells.

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yApoptosis: yeast apoptosis database.

Kwanjeera Wanichthanarak1, Marija Cvijovic, Andrea Molt

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden, Department of Mathematics, Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmers tvärgata 3, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden, Department of Mathematics, University of Gothenburg, Chalmers tvärgata 3, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden and Fine Chemicals and Biocatalysis Research, BASF SE, GVF/D - A030, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany.

Database : the Journal of Biological Databases and Curation
|October 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed yApoptosis, a yeast apoptosis database, to organize information on programmed cell death (PCD) genes and pathways. This resource aids studies in yeast cell death and related human diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Programmed cell death (PCD) is crucial in biology and linked to human diseases.
  • Yeast serves as a model organism for studying PCD, with apoptotic markers identified in 1997.
  • Growing knowledge of PCD components necessitates organized information resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a comprehensive, curated database for yeast apoptosis research.
  • To provide a centralized resource for accessing information on yeast PCD genes and pathways.
  • To support the research community by organizing and disseminating vital data.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the yApoptosis database, a curated collection of yeast apoptosis-related genes.
  • Integrated genomic information, literature, and external links.
  • Implemented a web interface for data access, download, and visualization of gene/protein networks.

Main Results:

  • yApoptosis provides an extensively curated set of apoptosis, PCD, and related genes.
  • The database includes genomic data, literature references, and external links.
  • Interactive network visualizations facilitate rapid understanding of apoptosis pathways.

Conclusions:

  • yApoptosis is a specialized online resource for yeast apoptosis research.
  • The database facilitates information sharing and supports studies in yeast cell death.
  • Continuous expert input ensures the database's ongoing relevance and accuracy.