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Thyroid function in type 2 diabetes mellitus and in diabetic nephropathy
Srinidhi Rai1, Ashok Kumar J, Prajna K
1Tutor, Department of Biochemistry, AJ Institute of Medical Sciences , Kuntikana, Mangalore 575004, Karnataka, India .
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|October 3, 2013
Summary
Type 2 diabetes patients often have thyroid disorders, impacting management. This study found a significant link between thyroid hormone T3 and urine microalbumin in diabetic nephropathy patients, suggesting routine thyroid hormone testing is crucial.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Nephrology
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes is associated with a higher prevalence of thyroid disorders compared to the general population.
- These thyroid abnormalities can potentially influence the effective management of diabetes mellitus.
- Diabetic nephropathy, a common complication, may further interact with thyroid function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare thyroid hormone levels (T3, T4, TSH) in patients with type 2 diabetes (with and without nephropathy) against healthy controls.
- To investigate correlations between thyroid hormones, serum creatinine, glycated hemoglobin, and urine microalbumin.
- To highlight the clinical implications of thyroid dysfunction in diabetes management.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study comparing three groups: type 2 diabetics without complications, type 2 diabetics with nephropathy, and age/sex-matched controls.
- Measurement of serum thyroid hormones (T3, T4, TSH), serum creatinine, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and urine microalbumin.
- Statistical analysis to determine group differences and correlations between parameters.
Main Results:
- Lower mean serum T3 and T4 levels were observed in both diabetic groups compared to controls.
- Elevated mean TSH levels were found in both diabetic groups compared to controls.
- A significant positive correlation was identified between serum T3 and urine microalbumin in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Conclusions:
- Abnormal thyroid hormone levels are prevalent in type 2 diabetes and may contribute to poor glycemic control.
- Routine monitoring of thyroid hormones is recommended for type 2 diabetics, especially those with nephropathy.
- Early detection and management of thyroid dysfunction can improve patient outcomes and reduce morbidity.
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