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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue

Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

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Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Personality Disorders: Schizotypal and Histrionic01:20

Personality Disorders: Schizotypal and Histrionic

Schizotypal personality disorder and histrionic personality disorder are two distinct psychological conditions classified under personality disorders, each characterized by unique behavioral patterns and social difficulties. Both disorders significantly affect interpersonal relationships and emotional well-being, leading to social isolation and frustration.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Eccentric Behavior and Social Withdrawal
Schizotypal personality disorder is marked by odd or eccentric...
Sex Linked Disorders01:43

Sex Linked Disorders

Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.
Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Generating Acute and Chronic Experimental Models of Motor Tic Expression in Rats
07:38

Generating Acute and Chronic Experimental Models of Motor Tic Expression in Rats

Published on: May 27, 2021

Tic disorders.

Davide Martino, Jonathan W Mink

    Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.)
    |October 5, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This review guides clinicians on diagnosing and treating tic disorders, including primary and secondary types. Advances in understanding phenomenology, disease mechanisms, and treatments like CBT and DBS are highlighted.

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    Last Updated: May 7, 2026

    Generating Acute and Chronic Experimental Models of Motor Tic Expression in Rats
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    Published on: May 27, 2021

    Protocol for Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with Symptom Provocation to Treat Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
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    Published on: November 25, 2025

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Psychiatry
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Tic disorders are complex, multifactorial conditions.
    • Primary tic disorders often present with sensory features and behavioral comorbidities.
    • Secondary tic disorders are less common but have diverse etiologies.

    Observation:

    • Recent advances include better understanding of nonmotor sensory features.
    • Neuropsychological, imaging, and animal studies enhance knowledge of disease mechanisms.
    • Evidence supports alpha-2 agonists, novel dopamine modulators, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and deep brain stimulation.

    Findings:

    • Accurate diagnosis requires thorough history, neurological exam, and psychopathological assessment.
    • Psychoeducation is the crucial first step in treatment.
    • Pharmacologic and cognitive-behavioral therapies show efficacy, with deep brain stimulation reserved for refractory adult cases.

    Implications:

    • Improved diagnostic accuracy and tailored treatment strategies for tic disorders.
    • Integration of updated knowledge on phenomenology and pathophysiology into clinical practice.
    • Personalized treatment plans incorporating psychoeducation, pharmacotherapy, and/or cognitive-behavioral interventions.