Influenza and endemic viral pneumonia
1Section of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, RS 314, 810 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3A 1R8, Canada; Section of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, GC 425, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, S113, 750 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0W3, Canada.
Abstract:
Viruses are a common and important cause of severe community-acquired pneumonia, and may lead to severe respiratory disease and admission to the intensive care unit. Influenza is the most common virus associated with severe viral pneumonia, although other important causes include respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, metapneumonia virus, and coronaviruses. Viral pneumonias tend to have a seasonal predilection and are often preceded by a typical viral prodrome. This article focuses on severe influenza pneumonia, including the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, and briefly discusses other causes of severe respiratory disease of viral etiology.
Insights
Severe viral pneumonia, particularly influenza, frequently leads to intensive care unit admission. This review covers influenza pneumonia and other significant viral respiratory illnesses.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Pulmonology
- Virology
Background:
- Viruses are a significant cause of severe community-acquired pneumonia.
- Influenza is the most common viral cause of severe pneumonia.
- Other viruses like RSV, adenovirus, metapneumovirus, and coronaviruses also cause severe respiratory disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review severe influenza pneumonia, including the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.
- To discuss other viral etiologies of severe respiratory disease.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on viral pneumonia.
- Analysis of seasonal patterns and prodromal symptoms.
- Case study of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.
Main Results:
- Influenza is the leading viral cause of severe pneumonia and ICU admission.
- Viral pneumonias often exhibit seasonal trends.
- A viral prodrome typically precedes severe viral pneumonia.
Conclusions:
- Influenza and other viruses are critical causes of severe pneumonia.
- Understanding viral pneumonia is essential for public health and clinical management.
- Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial for severe viral respiratory infections.
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