Receptor for advanced glycation end products and its involvement in inflammatory diseases

Yaw Kuang Chuah1, Rusliza Basir, Herni Talib

  • 1Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Insights

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is crucial in inflammation signaling. Understanding RAGE

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is an immunoglobulin superfamily transmembrane receptor.
  • RAGE binds diverse ligands, initiating signal transduction pathways.
  • RAGE plays a role in inflammatory responses and cell activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of RAGE signaling mechanisms.
  • To explore RAGE's contribution to inflammation-associated diseases.
  • To highlight the functional importance of RAGE in clinical settings.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of RAGE signaling pathways.
  • Analysis of RAGE's role in various inflammatory conditions.
  • Synthesis of evidence on molecular mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • RAGE-ligand interactions activate NF-κB and increase inflammatory mediators.
  • RAGE signaling is implicated in arteriosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, acute respiratory failure, and sepsis.
  • The full clinical significance of RAGE in inflammatory diseases requires further elucidation.

Conclusions:

  • RAGE is a key mediator in inflammatory signal transduction.
  • Targeting RAGE pathways may offer therapeutic potential for inflammatory diseases.
  • Further research is needed to fully realize RAGE's clinical importance.

Related Concept Videos

Proteoglycans01:05

Proteoglycans

Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...
4.1K
Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
99
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways01:28

Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways

Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but...
6.0K
G Protein-coupled Receptors01:15

G Protein-coupled Receptors

G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
14.2K
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs01:15

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that  lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR  stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive  EGFR...
2.0K
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
51