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Related Concept Videos

Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

1.4K
Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
1.4K
Cascaded Op Amps01:16

Cascaded Op Amps

1.3K
Operational amplifiers (op-amps) are versatile electronic components that can be interconnected in a cascade - one after another in a linear sequence. This cascading is possible due to their infinite input resistance and zero output resistance, allowing them to maintain their input-output relationships even when connected in series.
In a cascaded system, each op-amp is referred to as a stage. The output of one stage drives the input of the subsequent stage. As the input signal passes through...
1.3K
Transmission Line Design Considerations01:23

Transmission Line Design Considerations

817
Aluminum has become the material of choice for overhead transmission lines, surpassing copper due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The most prevalent type is the aluminum conductor, steel-reinforced (ACSR), which combines aluminum strands around a steel core. Other variants include all-aluminum conductors (AAC), all-aluminum alloy conductors (AAAC), aluminum conductor alloy-reinforced (ACAR), and aluminum-clad steel conductors. Advanced designs, such as aluminum conductors with steel...
817
Passive Filters01:27

Passive Filters

1.2K
Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
Low-Pass Filters
Low-pass filters are designed to transmit signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency, ωc, and attenuate those above it. The cutoff...
1.2K
Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

867
The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
867
Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits01:12

Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits

821
In the domain of radio communication, the significance of impedance matching must be considered. It is crucial to ensure the efficient transmission of signals between radio transmitters and receivers. Achieving this balance involves using impedance-matching circuits, with one fundamental configuration comprising a resistor, capacitor, and inductor.
The process of harmonizing these impedances begins with a clear understanding of the input and output signals. Once these signals are known, the...
821

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Updated: May 7, 2026

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators
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Highly-efficient fully resonant vertical couplers for InP active-passive monolithic integration using vertically

Oscar García López, Daniel Lasaosa, Manuel López-Amo

    Optics Express
    |October 10, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel monolithic integration method uses vertically coupled waveguides for efficient photonic component design. This approach achieves high power transfer without tapers, enabling compact and high-performance photonic integrated circuits.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Materials Science and Engineering

    Background:

    • Monolithic integration of active and passive photonic components is crucial for advanced optical systems.
    • Existing methods often require complex fabrication steps like tapering for efficient coupling.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a new active-passive monolithic integration approach for photonic components.
    • To demonstrate efficient power transfer between vertically stacked waveguides using evanescent coupling.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized two vertically stacked waveguides for resonant power transfer.
    • Implemented strong lateral asymmetric structures and bent waveguides for light confinement.
    • Defined waveguide structures during lithography for monolithic fabrication.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved full resonant power transfer between waveguides, eliminating the need for tapered structures.
    • Demonstrated low propagation losses in the active waveguide.
    • Obtained high coupling efficiencies to the passive section, reaching up to 97%.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed vertical evanescent coupling method offers an efficient and compact solution for active-passive photonic integration.
    • This approach simplifies fabrication and enhances performance for photonic integrated circuits.