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Liquid level sensor based on dynamic Fabry-Perot interferometers in processed capillary fiber.

Pablo Roldán-Varona1,2,3, Rosa Ana Pérez-Herrera4, Luis Rodríguez-Cobo5

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Summary

A new optical fiber sensor measures liquid level and refractive index using a femtosecond laser-processed hollow-core fiber. This advanced sensor achieves a 4 μm resolution for liquid level detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Sensing
  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Chemical Sensing Technologies

Background:

  • Accurate liquid level and refractive index monitoring is crucial in various industrial and scientific applications.
  • Existing sensors may face limitations in multi-parameter sensing or resolution.
  • Hollow-core optical fibers offer unique platforms for innovative sensing modalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design, manufacture, and demonstrate a novel optical fiber sensor.
  • To achieve simultaneous measurement of liquid level and refractive index.
  • To explore the potential for sensing immiscible liquid layers and impurities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a silica capillary hollow-core fiber with a 1.55 mm sensing length.
  • Processed the fiber using a femtosecond laser to create four internal holes.
  • Generated Fabry-Perot cavities within the fiber core for sensing via liquid infiltration.
  • Employed a reflection detection mode for measurements.

Main Results:

  • Successfully designed and manufactured the optical fiber sensor.
  • Demonstrated the sensor's capability to measure both liquid level and refractive index.
  • Achieved a high resolution of 4 μm for liquid level detection, meeting the state-of-the-art.
  • Validated the sensing principle through simulations and experimental testing.

Conclusions:

  • The developed optical fiber sensor presents a novel and effective solution for simultaneous liquid level and refractive index sensing.
  • The sensor's high resolution and unique design using femtosecond laser processing open new avenues in optical sensing.
  • Future work can extend this technology for advanced applications like monitoring immiscible liquids and detecting tank impurities.