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Related Concept Videos

Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

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Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
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Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

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Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

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Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
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Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

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Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that...
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Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

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Related Experiment Video

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Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques for Studying Ion Channels Expressed in Xenopus oocytes
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Patch Clamp and Perfusion Techniques for Studying Ion Channels Expressed in Xenopus oocytes

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Potassium channels: structures, diseases, and modulators.

Chuan Tian1, Ruixin Zhu, Lixin Zhu

  • 1School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, 116600, China.

Chemical Biology & Drug Design
|October 15, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This review summarizes recent potassium channel discoveries, focusing on structure, disease links, and drug-like molecule features. These insights aid developing new treatments targeting potassium channels for various diseases.

Keywords:
diseasemodulatorpotassium channelstructure

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Voltage-Dependent Potassium Current Recording on H9c2 Cardiomyocytes via the Whole-Cell Patch-Clamp Technique
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Potassium channels are vital for numerous biological functions.
  • Dysregulation of potassium channels is implicated in various diseases.
  • Recent advancements necessitate a comprehensive review of potassium channel research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest developments in potassium channel structure and regulation.
  • To explore diseases associated with potassium channel dysfunction.
  • To analyze structural and pharmacokinetic features of potassium channel modulators.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent discoveries.
  • Qualitative and quantitative analysis of modulator structures.
  • In silico methods for feature derivation.

Main Results:

  • Recent progress in understanding potassium channel structure determinants and regulation mechanisms.
  • Identification of diseases linked to potassium channel activity.
  • Modulators often feature natural-product scaffolds with significant pharmacokinetic properties.

Conclusions:

  • Potassium channels are crucial pharmaceutical targets.
  • In silico analysis reveals key features differentiating modulators.
  • Findings support translational research and can be applied to other ion channels.