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Equine pastern vasculitis: a clinical and histopathological study
Dimitra Psalla1, Silvia Rüfenacht, Michael H Stoffel
1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997)
|October 15, 2013
Summary
Equine pastern vasculitis presents diagnostic challenges, with specific histological findings identified but no clear underlying cause or distinct clinical picture. Treatment response was poor, indicating a guarded prognosis for affected horses.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Dermatology
- Equine Pathology
Background:
- Equine pastern vasculitis (EPV) is a complex condition with an unclear aetiopathogenesis.
- Clinical presentation and histopathological features of EPV require further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- Establish histopathological criteria for diagnosing EPV.
- Investigate potential underlying causes and clinical variations.
- Assess treatment response and prognosis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of skin biopsies and clinical data from 20 horses with EPV.
- Histopathological comparison with biopsies from healthy horses.
- Correlation of histological findings with clinical presentation and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- Highly specific histological findings for EPV include intramural inflammatory cells, leukocytoclasia, vessel wall thickening/oedema, and microhaemorrhages.
- Lesions predominantly affect un-pigmented legs, with distinct clinical signs in white (exudation, crusts) versus pigmented (alopecia, scaling) skin.
- No association found between specific histopathological findings and clinical picture; underlying cause remains unidentified.
Conclusions:
- Specific histopathological criteria aid in diagnosing equine pastern vasculitis.
- The aetiopathogenesis remains elusive, with potential involvement of drugs or hypersensitivity reactions.
- Poor treatment response and guarded prognosis highlight the challenges in managing EPV.
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