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Neuropsychological syndromes in multiple sclerosis
Ma José Gil Moreno1, Marta Cerezo García, Raluca Marasescu
1Hospital de Móstoles.
Psicothema
|October 16, 2013
Summary
Neuropsychological syndromes (NPS) can be an initial symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS), often linked to typical cognitive deficits and lesion location. These rare cognitive impairments highlight the diverse impact of MS.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neuropsychology
- Radiology
Background:
- Cognitive impairment affects 45-65% of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
- Common deficits include information processing speed, memory, attention, executive functions, and visuoconstruction.
- Less common involvements like language and gnosis are rarely studied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe cognitive function in MS patients with neuropsychological syndromes (NPS).
- To correlate cognitive findings with clinical and radiological features.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of five MS patients with NPS.
- Utilized specific tests for information processing speed, memory, attention, executive functions, visuo-spatial abilities, praxis, and language.
Main Results:
- Four women and one man with MS (aged 30-55) were studied.
- Cognitive symptoms were the initial complaint in three patients.
- Presentations included apperceptive agnosia, constructive apraxia, alexia with agraphia, and motor aphasia.
- Four patients had typical MS cognitive dysfunction.
- High lesion volumes were observed on MRI (T1 and T2).
- A strong correlation between cognitive deficits and lesion location was found in four patients.
Conclusions:
- Neuropsychological syndromes (NPS) can be the initial presentation in MS.
- NPS are often associated with other cognitive deficits.
- A close relationship exists between NPS and the location of brain lesions in MS.
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