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Updated: May 6, 2026

Clinical-oriented Three-dimensional Gait Analysis Method for Evaluating Gait Disorder
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Higher-level gait disorders: an open frontier.

John G Nutt1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.

Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society
|October 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher-level gait disorders (HLGD) involve balance and walking impairments not due to weakness or sensory issues. Microvascular disease causing white-matter lesions is the most common cause of these neurological conditions.

Keywords:
balancefallsgaitgait disorderslocomotor circuits

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Higher-level gait disorders (HLGD) are characterized by balance and locomotion impairments.
  • These disorders are not attributable to deficits in strength, tone, sensation, or coordination.
  • HLGD present with diverse combinations of disequilibrium and impaired mobility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define higher-level gait disorders (HLGD).
  • To explore the neural underpinnings of HLGD using advanced imaging.
  • To identify the primary causes of HLGD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on gait and balance disorders.
  • Analysis of emerging neuroimaging techniques for circuit identification.
  • Correlation of pathologies with clinical presentations of HLGD.

Main Results:

  • HLGD encompass a distinct category of gait and balance disturbances.
  • Neuroimaging is beginning to elucidate the neural circuits involved in HLGD.
  • Microvascular disease leading to white-matter lesions is the most frequent etiology of HLGD.

Conclusions:

  • HLGD represent a significant clinical challenge in neurological and geriatric populations.
  • Understanding the neural basis of HLGD is advancing with new technologies.
  • Microvascular disease is a key pathological driver of HLGD, impacting balance and locomotor circuits.