Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

17.5K

Inside the "fragile" infant: pathophysiology, molecular background, risk factors and investigation of neonatal

Charalampos Dokos1, Christos Tsakalidis, Athanasios Tragiannidis

  • 12 Neonatology Clinic, Papageorgiou Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; 2 Pediatric Clinic, AHEPA Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Clinical Cases in Mineral and Bone Metabolism : the Official Journal of the Italian Society of Osteoporosis, Mineral Metabolism, and Skeletal Diseases
|October 18, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Newborn osteopenia, a growing concern in premature infants, is linked to factors like low birth weight and certain medications. Early identification of these risk factors is crucial for timely intervention and management.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neonatology
  • Bone Mineral Metabolism

Background:

  • Osteopenia is increasingly prevalent in premature infants.
  • Understanding its mechanisms is vital for managing this condition.
  • Risk factor identification is key for monitoring and prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms of osteopenia in newborns.
  • To identify and examine the risk factors associated with neonatal osteopenia.
  • To outline the investigation protocols for at-risk premature infants.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on newborn osteopenia.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological and molecular aspects.
  • Compilation of identified risk factors and diagnostic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Identified numerous risk factors including low birth weight, prematurity, prolonged use of corticosteroids, methyloxanthines, and furosemide.
  • Highlighted abnormalities in vitamin D metabolism and poor maternal nutrition as contributing factors.
  • Emphasized the importance of monitoring high serum alkaline phosphatase in conjunction with risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal osteopenia requires vigilant monitoring in premature and low birth weight infants.
  • Early detection through risk factor assessment and biochemical markers is essential.
  • Collaboration among neonatologists, pediatricians, and endocrinologists is crucial for effective management.

Keywords:
bone metabolismlow birth weightosteopeniapremature infantsvitamin D metabolism

More Related Videos

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones06:58

Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones

Published on: April 26, 2019

7.7K
Semiautomated Longitudinal Microcomputed Tomography-based Quantitative Structural Analysis of a Nude Rat Osteoporosis-related Vertebral Fracture Model07:12

Semiautomated Longitudinal Microcomputed Tomography-based Quantitative Structural Analysis of a Nude Rat Osteoporosis-related Vertebral Fracture Model

Published on: September 28, 2017

7.4K

Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
8.0K
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into ...
16.2K
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
5.9K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
3.9K
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
14.7K
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

9.3K