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Related Concept Videos

Machines: Problem Solving I01:22

Machines: Problem Solving I

846
A toggle clamp is a mechanical device commonly used for holding and clamping objects in various applications, such as woodworking, metalworking, and assembly operations. Consider a toggle clamp subjected to a force of 200 N at the handle. The vertical clamping force can be calculated, provided the dimensions of the toggle clamp are known.
The toggle clamp system is a machine structure consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that form a stabilized system to transmit forces. The...
846

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Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip
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Development and application of a multi-axis dynamometer for measuring grip force.

C B Irwin1, J D Towles, R G Radwin

  • 1a Design Concepts, Inc. , Madison , WI , USA.

Ergonomics
|October 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new multi-axis hand dynamometer accurately measures 2D grip force magnitude and direction. This advanced tool provides more detailed grip characteristics than existing designs for better musculoskeletal force analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Factors Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of grip force is crucial for understanding hand function and musculoskeletal loading.
  • Existing hand dynamometers often lack the capability to measure both grip force magnitude and direction simultaneously in multiple dimensions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel multi-axis hand dynamometer capable of quantifying two-dimensional (2D) grip force magnitude and direction in the finger flexion-extension plane.
  • To assess the performance of the dynamometer across various handle diameters.

Main Methods:

  • A three-beam reconfigurable force dynamometer was designed and fabricated, featuring two active beams to measure orthogonal forces and moments independently of the application point.
  • Grip force exertions were recorded from 16 participants gripping cylindrical handles of four different diameters (3.81 cm, 5.08 cm, 6.35 cm, and 7.62 cm).

Main Results:

  • Mean grip force magnitudes varied with handle diameter, ranging from 231 N for the smallest to 158 N for the largest diameter.
  • Analysis revealed a clockwise rotation in grip force direction and an upward shift in the center of pressure along the handle as handle diameter increased.

Conclusions:

  • The novel multi-axis dynamometer effectively measures planar grip force magnitude, direction, and center of pressure simultaneously.
  • This advanced sensor design offers superior grip characteristic data compared to conventional sensors, enhancing the evaluation of grip and improving model-driven musculoskeletal force calculations.