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Area of Science:

  • Atomic Physics
  • Nuclear Physics
  • Quantum Electrodynamics

Background:

  • The proton radius conundrum highlights discrepancies in measurements of the proton's size.
  • Precise Lamb shift measurements in light muonic atoms are essential for resolving this puzzle.
  • Nuclear polarization corrections are a key limiting factor in extracting precise charge radii.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform an ab initio calculation of nuclear polarization for the muonic helium-4 ion (μ(4)He(+)).
  • To reduce uncertainties in Lamb shift measurements for μ(4)He(+).
  • To provide crucial theoretical data for upcoming experimental measurements at PSI.

Main Methods:

  • Employed ab initio few-body methods, specifically the Lorentz integral transform with hyperspherical harmonics expansion.
  • Utilized two distinct state-of-the-art nuclear Hamiltonians.
  • Included leading multipole contributions, Coulomb, relativistic, and finite-nucleon-size corrections.

Main Results:

  • Calculated the nuclear polarization energy correction for 2S-2P transitions in μ(4)He(+) as δ(pol)(A)=-2.47 meV ±6%.
  • Significantly reduced the uncertainty compared to previous estimates.
  • Identified the nuclear Hamiltonian as the primary source of remaining uncertainty.

Conclusions:

  • The calculated nuclear polarization provides a more accurate theoretical value for μ(4)He(+).
  • This result is instrumental for the planned μ(4)He(+) Lamb shift experiment.
  • Further improvements in nuclear Hamiltonians are needed to enhance accuracy.