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Histological and biochemical effects of arteether™ on the liver of Wistar rats
A I Okunlola1, C K Okunlola, C O Okani
1Department of Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract:
Arteether™ is among the recent drugs that are used to combat chloroquine-resistant malarial parasites. This study examined the effects of arteether™ on enzyme biomarkers of the liver, serum protein concentrations, and liver morphology. Twenty (20) adult albino Wistar rats weighing 200 - 250 g were randomly divided into four groups (A, B, C and D) of five animals each, and used in this study. Group A rats were given intramuscular (i. m.) arteether™ (3 mg/kg b. w.) daily for 3 days. Group B rats received i. m. arteether™ (6 mg/kg b. w.) daily for 3 days. Group C rats were given i. m. arteether™ (3 mg/kg b. w.) daily for 3 days. The same dose was repeated at two-weekly intervals for 4 further weeks, while group D rats which received normal saline (0.9 % w/ v, 3 ml/kg b.w.), served as controls. At the end of the experiment, the body weights of the animals were determined and recorded. Serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (ASP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP) and albumin were assayed, and histological studies were performed. Results obtained show no significant difference (P<0.05) in liver enzymes (ALT, ASP, ALP). TP and albumin were significantly reduced in group C rats. Histological studies revealed no cyto-architectural changes. It is concluded that at therapeutic doses, arteether™ is well tolerated in Wistar rats.
Insights
Arteether™ effectively combats malaria parasites. Studies show therapeutic doses are well tolerated in Wistar rats, with no significant liver enzyme changes or cyto-architectural damage.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Hepatology
- Parasitology
Background:
- Arteether™ is a key drug against chloroquine-resistant malaria.
- Understanding its effects on liver function is crucial for patient safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of Arteether™ on liver enzyme biomarkers.
- To assess serum protein concentrations and liver morphology following Arteether™ administration.
Main Methods:
- Wistar rats were administered varying doses of Arteether™ (3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg) or saline (control).
- Liver enzymes (ALT, ASP, ALP), total protein, and albumin were measured.
- Histological examination of liver tissues was conducted.
Main Results:
- No significant alterations in liver enzymes (ALT, ASP, ALP) were observed across groups.
- Total protein and albumin levels were significantly reduced in rats receiving prolonged Arteether™ treatment (Group C).
- Histological analysis showed no adverse cyto-architectural changes in the liver.
Conclusions:
- Arteether™ is well-tolerated at therapeutic doses in Wistar rats.
- Prolonged administration may affect protein metabolism, warranting further investigation.
- The drug demonstrates a favorable safety profile concerning liver histology and key enzymes.
