Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Dimensions of Health and Illness

Dimensions of Health and Illness

The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.

Three Developmental Domains

Three Developmental Domains

Human development is typically examined across three main domains: physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional. These domains represent the significant areas of change and continuity throughout the lifespan, from infancy to late adulthood.
Physical Development
Physical processes, also known as maturation, encompass the biological changes that occur across an individual's life. These changes begin with genetic inheritance and continue through various stages, including growth in height and weight,...

Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development

As the human population continues to grow and use resources, we must be mindful of our planet’s natural limits. Sustainable development provides a pathway to maintain and improve human life now while also ensuring that future generations will have the resources that they need. The long-term success of sustainability efforts rests on understanding the interplay between human actions and ecological systems.

Concepts of Health and Illness

Concepts of Health and Illness

Health is a condition of the body, mind, and spirit where an individual remains free from illness. Similarly, wellness is an active state, including living a lifestyle that promotes physical, mental, and emotional health. Physical health is critical for the overall well-being and can be affected by lifestyle, activity level, diet, and behavior. The highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental and universal human right. Consider Lisa, a fifteen-year-old born with congenital...

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Longevity, Education, and Income: How large is the triangle?

Journal of health economics·2025

Same author

Adapting to the Weather: Lessons from U.S. History.

The journal of economic history·2017

Same author

Shocking Behavior: Random Wealth in Antebellum Georgia and Human Capital Across Generations.

The quarterly journal of economics·2017

Same author

Economic Effects of Childhood Exposure To Tropical Disease.

The American economic review·2014

Same author

When Does Improving Health Raise GDP? Comments on Ashraf, Lester, and Weil (2008).

NBER macroeconomics annual·2013

Same author

Malaria Eradication in the Americas: A Retrospective Analysis of Childhood Exposure.

American economic journal. Applied economics·2013

Same journal

Unified Growth Theory: Roots of Growth and Inequality in the Wealth of Nations.

Annual review of economics·2025

Same journal

Parenting Promotes Social Mobility Within and Across Generations.

Annual review of economics·2024

Same journal

The Econometric Model for Causal Policy Analysis.

Annual review of economics·2023

Same journal

The Great Divide: Education, Despair, and Death.

Annual review of economics·2022

Same journal

Saving Money or Just Saving Lives? Improving the Productivity of US Health Care Spending.

Annual review of economics·2022

Same journal

Economics of Child Protection: Maltreatment, Foster Care, and Intimate Partner Violence.

Annual review of economics·2019

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: December 1, 2023

Health, Human Capital, and Development.

Hoyt Bleakley¹

¹Associate Professor of Economics, Booth School of Business, University of Chicago, 5807 South Woodlawn Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637. Telephone: (773) 834-2192.

Annual Review of Economics

|October 23, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Disease significantly hinders human capital and income development globally. Despite micro estimates being smaller than macro data, improving health offers substantial economic benefits.

Keywords:

disease economic growth envelope theorem income schooling

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: December 1, 2023

Area of Science:

Health Economics
Development Economics
Human Capital Theory

Background:

Disease impacts human capital and income globally.
Health is a crucial component of human capital and its productivity.
Understanding the economic burden of disease is vital for policy.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the impact of disease on human capital and income.
To integrate micro and macro evidence on health and economic development.
To re-interpret existing micro-level literature on health and human capital.

Main Methods:

Reviewing micro-level evidence on health's role in human capital formation.
Utilizing a standard economic model to synthesize findings.
Analyzing aggregate implications and general equilibrium effects, including population dynamics.
Examining macro-level evidence from cross-country comparisons and health shock responses.

Main Results:

Micro-level studies indicate that health is both human capital and an input for its production.
Aggregate implications derived from micro estimates are smaller than cross-country relationships.
Health's effect on population size complicates general equilibrium extrapolations.
Macro evidence shows a strong correlation between health and economic development.

Conclusions:

Micro and macro evidence on disease's economic impact differ significantly.
Despite discrepancies, investing in certain health improvements yields high benefit-to-cost ratios.
Further research is needed to reconcile micro and macro findings for robust policy recommendations.