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High Throughput In Vitro Assessment of Latency Reversing Agents on HIV Transcription and Splicing
Published on: January 22, 2019
HIV-1 accessory proteins: VpR
Richard Y Zhao1, Michael I Bukrinsky
1Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Abstract:
HIV-1 viral protein R (VpR) is a multifunctional protein that plays specific roles at multiple stages of the HIV-1 viral life cycle and affects anti-HIV functions of the immune cells. VpR is required for efficient viral replication in nondividing cells such as macrophages, and it promotes, to some extent, viral replication in the proliferating target CD4+ T cells. A number of specific activities that may contribute to these effects of VpR have been proposed. In this chapter, we describe two best characterized activities of VpR, nuclear import of the HIV-1 preintegration complex (PIC) and induction of cell cycle G2 arrest, focusing on the methods used for their demonstration.
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