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A highly sensitive refractometric sensor based on cascaded SiN microring resonators.

Vanessa Zamora1, Peter Lützow, Martin Weiland

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Summary

This study presents a highly sensitive optical sensor using cascaded microring resonators. The silicon nitride sensor achieves ultra-high sensitivity for detecting chemical concentrations and refractive index changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Sensor Technology
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Sensing

Background:

  • Optical sensors are crucial for real-time monitoring.
  • Microring resonators offer high sensitivity but can be limited.
  • The Vernier effect enhances sensitivity in resonator-based sensors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel optical sensor utilizing cascaded microring resonators.
  • To leverage the Vernier effect for ultra-high sensitivity measurements.
  • To demonstrate the sensor's capability for detecting chemical concentrations and refractive index variations.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a silicon nitride microring resonator chip.
  • Cascading two microring resonators with slightly different free spectral ranges.
  • Characterization using isopropanol/ethanol mixtures and aqueous sodium chloride solutions.
  • Analysis of sensitivity and limit of detection.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a sensitivity of 0.95 nm/% for isopropanol in ethanol.
  • Demonstrated a sensitivity of 10.3 nm/% for NaCl solutions.
  • Measured a bulk refractive index sensitivity of 6,317 nm/RIU.
  • Determined a limit of detection of 3.16 × 10⁻⁶ RIU.

Conclusions:

  • Cascaded silicon nitride microring resonators effectively exploit the Vernier effect for enhanced sensing.
  • The sensor shows significant potential for label-free, real-time biomolecule monitoring.
  • This technology is applicable to a broad range of sensing applications requiring high sensitivity.